Rabu, 26 April 2017

Chemistry vocabulary


1.The reaction rate : indicates the number of chemical reactions that take place per unit of time. The reaction rate represents the molarity of the solute in the reaction produced every second of the reaction.
2. Avogadro  Numbers  :  avogadro resolution are 6,023  x  1023  particles
3. Chemical Substance  : a material with a definite chemical composition
4. Homogeneous Mixture : is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform and every part of the solution has the same properties.
5. Heterogeneous  Mixture  :  is a type of mixture in which the components can be seen, as there are two or more phases present.
6. Chemical  Change  : occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances.
7. Chemical  Property  :   is any of a material's properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction; that is, any quality that can be established only by changing a substance's chemical identity.
8. Atom  : look like and how they behave were incorrect.
9. Electrons  :   is a subatomic particle, symbol
e
or
β
, with a negative elementary electric charge
10. Protons  :    is a subatomic particle, symbol
p
or
p+
, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and mass slightly less than that of a neutron.
11. Atomic Nucleus    :  the very dense central region of an atom
12. Mass: Is  the  amount  of  matter  in  a  substance.  It  is  commonly  reported  in  units  of grams.
13. Mass  Number : This  number is  the  sum  of  the  number  of  protons  and  neutrons.
14. Isotopes  :  are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.
15. Chemical  Bond  :  is a lasting attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds.
16. Chemical  Formula  :  is a way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound,
17. Groups  :  The  vertical  columns  in  the  periodic  table.
18. Ionic  Bond  :  is a type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds.
19. Semiconductors  :  has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as copper, and an insulator, such as glass.
20. Covalent  Bond  :   is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
21. Molecule  :  A  neutral  molecule  that  forms  as  a  result  of  electron  sharing.
22. Metals  : Good  conductors  of  heat  and  electricity.
23. Metalloids  :  Has  properties  of  both  nonmetals  and  metals.
24. Boiling  Point  :The  point  in  temperature  when  the  liquid  starts  to  boil.
25. Heat  of  Fusion                :  The  energy  required  to  change  a  substance  from  a  solid  to  a liquid  at  its  melting  point.
26. Acid: There  are  several  ways  to  define  an  acid,  but  they  include  any  chemical  that  gives off  protons  or  H+  in  water.  Acids  have  a  pH  less  than  7.  They  turn  the  pH  indicator phenophthalein  colorless  and  turn  litmus  paper  red.
27. Alkane: An  alkane  is  an  organic  molecule  that  only  contains  single  carbon-carbon bonds.
28. Alkene: An  alkene  is  an  organic  molecule  that  contains  at  least  one  C=C  or  carboncarbon  double  bond.
29. Base: A  base  is  a  compound  that  produces  OH-  ions  or  electrons  in  water  or  that accepts  protons.
30. Buffer: A  liquid  that  resists  change  in  pH  when  an  acid  or  base  is  added.  A  buffer consists  of  a  weak  acid  and  its  conjugate  base.
31. Crystal: A  crystal  is  an  ordered,  repeating  three-dimensional  pattern  of  ions,  atoms,  or molecules.  Most  crystals  are  ionic  solids,  although  other  forms  of  crystals  exist.
32. Cathode: A  cathode  is  the  electrode  which  gains  electrons  or  is  reduced.  In  other words,  it  is  where  reduction  occurs  in  an  electrochemical  cell.
33. Diffusion: Is  the  movement  of  particles  from  an  area  of  higher  concentration to  one  of  lower  concentration.
34. Viscosity  :  The  resistance  to  flow  by  a  fluid.
35. Decomposition  Reaction  :  One  substance  breaks  down,  into  2  more.
36. Law  of  Conservation  and  Mass  :  The  mass  of  all  substances  that  are  present before  a  chemical  change  equals  the  mass  of  all  the  substances  after  the  change.
37. Titration: Is  a  procedure  in  which  the  concentration  of  an  acid  or  base  is determined  by  measuring  how  much  base  or  acid  is  required  to  neutralize  it.
38. Beta  particle: Is  an  electron,  although  the  term  is  used  when  the  electron is  emitted  in  radioactive  decay.
39. Bond  length: Is  the  average  distance  between  the  nuclei  of  two  atoms  that share  a  bond.
40. Carboxylic  acid: Is  an  organic  molecule  containing  a  -COOH  group. An  example  of  a  carboxylic  acid  is  acetic  acid.

14 komentar:

  1. What compounds can be titration, give an example? And how to manufacture buffer solution?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you for your question...
      The compounds can be titration are base compound and acid compound. The example: NaOH +HCl -->NaCl+H2O
      We can make a buffer solution by mixing strong acids with weak bases, weak acids with strong bases, or weak acids and weak bases

      Hapus
  2. Explain about the Decomposition reaction and examples!

    BalasHapus
  3. Decomposition is a type of chemical reaction. It is defined as the reaction in which a single compound splits into two or more simple substances under suitable conditions. It is just the opposite of the combination reaction.

    In a combination reaction, a substance is formed as a result of chemical combination, while in a decomposition reaction, the substance breaks into new substances.
    For example: The digestion of food in our body is accompanied by a number of decomposition reactions. The major constituents of our food such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc.,decompose to form a number of simpler substances. These substances further react, releasing large amounts of energy, which keeps our body working.

    BalasHapus
  4. can you give me some examples about Carboxylic?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. The example of carboxylic is 2-carboxyfuran.

      Hapus
  5. hi indri, How to determine boiling point?

    BalasHapus
  6. The boiling point of water decreases as you go higher in elevation. This is because there is less pressure from the atmosphere bearing down on top of the water, which allows the water to bubble and boil at lower temperatures. Cooking times are changed because of this decrease in boiling points since water boiling at a lower temperature means the food will cook at a lower temperature, and an increase in the time for cooking is needed. Determine the temperature at which water will boil based on the pressure the water is under.

    BalasHapus
  7. Please give an example from alkana..

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. isopentane for 2-methylbutane
      neopentane for 2,2-dimethylpropane.

      Hapus
  8. Substance: Material type with fixed composition. Give me an example and explain what the fixed composition is

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. the mean of fixed composition is the element,or compound to make the substance is fixed or clearly.

      Hapus

  9. Is there any usefulness in the buffer solution? If any please explain the uses contained in the buffer solution.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. A buffer resists changes to pH when small amounts of strong acid or base are added to it.
      Explanation:
      Buffers have many applications. Some of these are
      Maintenance of life
      Most biochemical processes work within a relatively small pH range.
      The body uses buffers solution to maintain a constant pH.
      For example, blood contains a carbonate/bicarbonate buffer that keeps the pH close to 7.4.
      Biochemical Assays
      Enzyme activity depends on pH, so the pH during an enzyme assay must stay constant.
      In shampoos.
      Many shampoos use a citric acid/sodium citrate shampoo to maintain a slightly acidic "pH balance".
      This counteracts the basicity of the detergents present in the shampoo

      Hapus

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